The gold standard for spinal interventions is fluoroscopically guided needle techniques aiming to achieve optimum anatomical position for delivering medication or radiofrequency. (See the Spine Intervention Society’s Practice Guidelines for Spinal Diagnostic and Treatment Procedures (Second Edition)).

These techniques are taught at bio-skills labs. Some train under supervision on patients. To overcome the shortage of skill enhancement opportunities before encountering the patient, Fluoroskills has developed mock specimens that produce a realistic fluoroscopic picture and a realistic feel when advancing and manipulating the needle. The specimens are called Purdi’s: Poly Urethane Radiopac Devices for Interventions.

Purdi’s are designed for multiple use. All interventions can be taught using Purdi’s except loss of resistances and contrast flow. After multiple use of the Purdi’s, there may be a need to refresh the polyurethane. This can be done at considerably lower cost then the original device. The specimens are custom- made so delivery time can vary.